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Seeds are so varied that I don't think a simple "floating" experiment is dependable. Keep your seeds in a cool, dry enviornment [the fridge is generally best, not freezer] and they can last for years. A while ago, tomato seeds were found in an ancient Egyptian tomb. They germinated and produced plants!
An easy test for viability: Take 10 seeds and place them between layers of wet paper towel. Keep you project moist and warm - light is not always necessary for germination. Within days or weeks you should have some activity. If you don't, toss the lot. Count your sprouts to get a germination percentage. 85 - 100 % is normal. If it's less, sow more than one seed where you want your plant. If more than one seedling comes up, CUT out the least vigorous, leaving the strongest. Cutting prevents damage to the roots of the baby you want to keep.
Some seeds need to be fresh to germinate [Hellebores] and others need to spend some time in the cold. Still others need to be soaked first [peas and sweet-peas] for faster sprouting.
If you have to start fresh, check out a reputable garden center in your area. They should carry a good selection suitable for your growing conditions. Early in the season has the best selecion [now is good]. Another strategy is to wait till later in the season. Many places have their seeds on sale by June - even cheaper the longer you wait. If you can't use them this year, stick them in the fridge [where they can't be mistaken for an edible] and go to it next year.
Check out your local SeedSavers and they should be able to give you more info - and show you how to collect your own seed this fall.